The collection includes "The Lady of Shalott, " a narrative set in Arthurian England in which retired estheticism is destroyed by a dangerous "real" world, and "The Palace of Art, " an allegory which finally affirms the teaching obligations of the poet. In the volume entitled Poems, which Tennyson published in 1832, a recurring theme is the conflict between a selfish love of beauty and the obligation to serve society. In 1831 his father died, and Tennyson left the university without taking a degree. Those who knew Tennyson as a university student were impressed by his commanding physical presence and by his youthful literary achievements. Also in 1830 Tennyson published his Poems, Chiefly Lyrical of these poems perhaps the best-known and most characteristic is "Mariana, " where melancholy is suggested by the depiction of a landscape much like that of Tennyson's native Lincolnshire. In 1830 the Apostles took up the cause of a group of Spanish revolutionaries Tennyson and Hallam went to the Pyrenees on an unsuccessful mission to aid the rebels. Man whose early tragic death in 1833 would inspire In Memoriam. Among the Apostles, Tennyson's closest friend was Arthur Hallam, a wonderfully gifted young The institutions of church and state were being challenged, and the Apostles debated the issues which led to the passage of the Reform Bill in 1832. Tennyson's undergraduate days were a time of intellectual and political turmoil in England. In 1829 Tennyson joined the Apostles, an undergraduate discussion group, some of whose members would over the years continue to be his closest friends. That same year Alfred and Charles joined their brother Frederick at Trinity College, Cambridge University. In 1827 there appeared an unpretentious volume entitled Poems by Two Brothers the book, despite its title, included poems by three of the Tennyson brothers, a little less than half of them probably by Alfred. When he was 14, Tennyson wrote a play called The Devil and the Lady, a dexterous imitation of Elizabethan comic verse. Other youthful models were Lord Byron, whose death in 1824 he particularly mourned, and Percy Bysshe Shelley. At 12 he was writing a 6, 000-line epic in imitation of Sir Walter Scott.
Tennyson began writing poetry as a child.
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